Everything about Maximilian Iii Archduke Of Austria totally explained
Maximilian III, Archduke of Further Austria, also known as
Maximilian der Deutschmeister (born
October 12,
1558 in
Wiener Neustadt; died
November 2,
1618 in
Vienna) was the fourth son of Emperor
Maximilian II and
Maria of Spain.
From
1585 onwards, he was the Grand Master of the
Teutonic Order (de: Grossmeister des Deutscher Ordens).
Archduke Maximilian was a grandson of
Anna of Bohemia and Hungary, daughter and heiress of
Ladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary, who himself was the eldest son of
Casimir IV of Poland. He descended from the ancient
Piast kings of Poland, and from Jogaila and his forefathers, Grand Dukes of Lithuania. The late
Sigismund I the Old, himself a younger son, was Maximilian's great-great-uncle, and Maximilian descended from Sigismund's eldest brother.
In
1587 Maximilian was a candidate for the
monarch of
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, following the death of the previous
Polish king,
Stefan Batory. The election was disputed by another candidate,
Sigismund III Vasa , prince of Sweden, grandson of Sigismund I the Old. When Maximilian attempted to resolve the dispute by bringing a military force and starting the
war of the Polish Succession (1587-1588), wherein he was defeated at the
Battle of Byczyna by the supporters of Sigismund III, the newly proclaimed king, under the command of Polish
hetman Jan Zamojski. He was taken captive and released only after intervention by
Pope Sixtus V. In
1589, he waived his right to the Polish crown. The inactivity of his brother Emperor
Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor in this matter contributed to Rudolf's bad reputation.
From
1593 to
1595 Maximilian was regent for his young cousin, Ferdinand, Archduke of
Inner Austria. Subsequently in 1595 he succeeded their uncle
Ferdinand II, Archduke of Further Austria in his territories, including
Tirol, where he proved to be a consequent proponent of the
Counter-Reformation. He also worked to depose
Melchior Khlesl, and to ensure that
Archduke Ferdinand of Inner Austria, his former young charge, would succeed as Holy Roman Emperor.
Maximilian's best known legacy is the
baroque archducal hat, which is exhibited in the treasure chamber of the
monastery of
Klosterneuburg and was used for ceremonial purposes as late as
1835.
Ancestors
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